美国FCC元器件新规10月13日生效：含“覆盖清单”企业芯片的设备不予新授权，平台须展示FCC ID

US FCC Component Rule Takes Effect October 13: New Authorisations Barred for Devices Using Covered-List Chips, Platforms Must Display FCC IDs

美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）第三报告与命令（FCC 26-50）已于2026年10月13日正式生效，封堵了设备授权中的元器件漏洞。新规建立的“组件穿透”监管框架规定，只要设备内部含有一个由“覆盖清单”实体生产的逻辑承载硬件组件，即便整机在美国境内设计与组装，FCC也不得为其授予新的设备授权。所谓逻辑承载硬件组件，指使用数字技术产生并使用每秒9000次以上时序信号的模块、子组件、集成电路或其他物理部件，或利用射频能量进行数据计算、存储与传输的部件。按此定义，微处理器、蜂窝与Wi-Fi芯片组、物联网模块、基带处理器、可信平台模块、光模块与电机控制器板等均在范围内；纯机械结构件、不使用数字时序信号的无源元件（电阻、电容、电感、线缆与连接器）、不含数字电池管理系统的基础电池以及无内置数字控制器的裸电机则不适用。新规仅适用于2026年10月13日及之后提交的授权申请，已获授权的存量设备不受影响，此前已递交的在审申请也可豁免，除非申请人修改申请以增删此类组件。执法主要依靠申请人自证，FCC同时就要求提交硬件与软件物料清单征求公众意见。新规还把电商平台纳入管辖范围，要求在线销售点展示设备FCC ID：平台有实物接触或取得货权的，自2027年3月1日起须负责核验并展示有效FCC ID；第三方卖家上架且平台不接触货物的，自2027年6月1日起须展示FCC ID，若已采取合理核验步骤并要求卖家书面保证，可不承担信息不准确的责任。该要求仅适用于新上架商品，不适用于“小卖家”与二手设备。需要说明的是，市场流传的“3.2T光模块65%美国价值占比门槛”来自投行研报的政策讨论，并非FCC成文法规，相关厂商已回应称属非官方市场传闻。

The FCC's Third Report and Order, FCC 26-50, took effect on October 13, 2026, closing the component loophole in equipment authorisation. Its component-penetration framework bars the FCC from authorising any device incorporating a logic-bearing hardware component produced by an entity on the Covered List, even where the finished product is designed and assembled in the United States. A logic-bearing component is a module, sub-assembly, integrated circuit or other physical part that generates and uses timing signals above 9,000 cycles per second using digital techniques, or uses radio-frequency energy to compute, store or move data. That captures microprocessors, cellular and Wi-Fi chipsets, IoT modules, baseband processors, trusted platform modules, optical transceivers and motor controller boards, while excluding purely mechanical parts, passive components without digital timing signals such as resistors and connectors, basic cells without a digital battery management system, and bare motors without embedded digital controllers. The prohibition applies only to applications filed on or after October 13, 2026; existing authorisations are unaffected and previously pending applications are exempt unless amended to add or change such components. Enforcement rests on applicant attestation, with the FCC seeking comment on whether to require hardware and software bills of materials. The order also reaches online marketplaces, requiring FCC IDs to be displayed at the point of sale: marketplaces with physical access or title must verify and display valid FCC IDs from March 1, 2027, while third-party listing marketplaces must display FCC IDs from June 1, 2027, and are not liable for inaccuracy if they take reasonable verification steps and require seller certification. The requirements apply only to new listings and not to small sellers or used devices. The widely circulated '65% US value threshold for 3.2T optical modules' comes from investment-bank research discussion, not FCC regulation, and affected manufacturers have called it unofficial market rumour.

🔗 关键词: FCC,元器件新规,覆盖清单,组件穿透,设备授权,FCC ID,电商平台责任,光模块

来源: 美国联邦通信委员会（FCC 26-50，91 FR 57798）/Akin Gump/东方财富/腾讯新闻 ｜ 发布日期: 2026-10-14 ｜ 易起国际速递整理